Born to an American prisoner of war and a World War II codebreaker, Nye earned a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from Cornell University in 1977. After graduating, he worked at Boeing, where he invented a hydraulic component to dampen vibrations on the 747 aircraft's yoke. Nye also performed stand-up at night, and, by 1987, did science demonstrations on the sketch comedy show "Almost Live!" Starting in 1993, Nye wrote, produced, and played a fictionalized version of himself for his eponymous show, which aired 100 episodes and won 19 Daytime Emmy Awards.
As of 2010, Nye is the CEO of The Planetary Society, a nonprofit cofounded by Carl Sagan, his college astronomy professor, to advance space science and exploration.