81% of Florida's leprosy cases occur in central Florida, raising concerns

Up to 225 cases of leprosy in the US are diagnosed each year

Most cases in the US are imported, meaning someone was infected in a country where it was more common. Since symptoms can sometimes take decades to appear, tracing the origin of the disease can be hard.

Florida reports 71 imported malaria cases annually—4% of all the US cases

The Sunshine State reports an average of 71 imported malaria cases annually. Malaria isn't endemic to Florida but mosquitoes in the state are biologically capable of transmitting the disease from one infected person to another noninfected person.

More than 200,000 people are diagnosed with leprosy annually

The disease still occurs in more than 120 countries. Brazil, India, and Indonesia continue to report more than 10,000 new cases annually.

See what regions report new leprosy cases

This graphic shows the burden of leprosy by region for 2023, based on data provided from the World Health Organization, which collates this information. Southeast Asia leads in the number of cases by region. (Some readers may experience a paywall.)

Recent research indicates leprosy was present in the Americas before European settlers

New research published in 2025 upended long-held notions that the disease was introduced to the Americas by European colonizers. Evidence of a lesser-known leprosy-causing bacterium was found in ancient human remains that date back 4,000 years.

America had a national leprosarium—a leper colony—in Louisiana until 1999

Public health officials forcibly sent those diagnosed with leprosy to the Louisiana Leper Home in Carville, first founded in 1894. Listen to an interview about this site, its evolution, and how its residents advocated for themselves—including regaining the right to vote.

About 95% of people are naturally immune to leprosy

Contracting it requires prolonged contact with someone with the disease, meaning you'd have to be living with them. You cannot get leprosy from hugging someone with leprosy or sitting next to them. It's not known to pass from mother to fetus. The risk of transmission from armadillos is also likely low, but people should avoid touching wild animals for general safety.

See MS prevalence by region in the United States

This map underscores that people in the northeastern United States have more cases of the disease as compared to the south, west, and midwest. On an individual level, these numbers may still differ based on genetic makeup and other factors irrespective of where people live.

Nerve axons become damaged by leprosy, so patients may lose feeling in their skin

Infection of the peripheral nerves—nerves outside the brain and spinal cord—is a known complication of leprosy. That damage can cause patients to lose their sense of touch and the ability to feel pain or temperature in affected areas, leading to accidental injury.

Read excerpted accounts from some of the 8,000 residents with leprosy on Moloka'i

Accounts preserved by the Kalaupapa National Historical Park describe how residents felt about being sent to live in this remote location and knowing they would never be allowed to leave. In 2012, 20 residents with the disease continued to voluntarily live in the area.

Wild chimpanzees have been spotted with leprosy lesions

In research published in 2021, scientists reported discovering cases of leprosy in wild chimpanzees from Guinea-Bissau and the Ivory Coast—marking the first time the disease has been found in any nonhuman species in Africa. They confirmed that leprosy was the cause of the deformities by testing the animals' poop for the presence of the disease-causing bacteria.

Land use changes in Connecticut may have helped to enable Lyme's leap into humans

Forest clearing and fragmentation, alongside suburban development, may have contributed to the emergence of Lyme disease in humans in the 1970s. Those changes brought mice, carriers of the disease, into greater contact with people. Climate change is also facilitating Lyme's spread as tick populations survive milder winters and move northward.

Two invasive termite species are threatening Florida homes

Asian subterranean and Formosan subterranean termites have been found in northern and coastal counties, respectively. About half of all structures in the urban South Florida metropolitan area could be at risk of infestation by one or both species by 2040.

'Sloth fever' is an emerging health threat, especially to pregnant women

This disease, caused by the Oropouche virus, is found in animals including sloths, primates, and birds. It primarily spreads through the bite of midges—insects commonly called "no-see-ums." It's endemic to the Amazon region, but US travelers are increasingly contracting it internationally.

Mapping the spread of a dangerous fungus growing in US healthcare facilities

Explore the data showing how the fungus C. auris has spread in the US, with more than 10,000 reported cases since 2016. Recommended steps to prevent infections and limit their spread have been successful in some areas, but infection control remains complicated because the fungus is often now multidrug-resistant.

More than half of the 7,000 'kissing bugs' locals sent to Texas A&M University had parasites

Texas A&M University scientists began a community science program in 2012 asking people to send in kissing bugs (any of the 11 species of bugs potentially infected with Trypanosoma cruzi parasites). About 1,500 people sent in over 7,000 bugs for scientific research, and about 55% of the bugs were infected with the parasite that causes Chagas disease.

There were more than 20 reported cruise ship outbreaks in 2025

A cruise ship outbreak is officially considered an outbreak when 3% or more of the people aboard a ship report being sick with gastrointestinal illness. It happens often enough that the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has a whole program just related to tracking such foodborne illness outbreaks.

A Florida nuclear power plant canal system hosts the highest density of crocodiles in North America

Biologists have become regular fixtures at Turkey Point Nuclear Plant, where crocodiles found refuge after Florida's population boom pushed them out of coves and mangrove swamps. Teams working on the plant have done their part to modify the land and help the species thrive.

In 2011, a mysterious illness spread around LeRoy, New York

A handful of girls were stricken with bizarre twitches, tics, and spasms — all apparently involuntary. Some believed the incident to be conversion disorder, an illness where emotional troubles have physical symptoms.

'Tomato flu' outbreak in India turned out to be HFMD

An illness initially dubbed "tomato flu" in 2022 that sickened children in Kerala, India, with symptoms typical of hand, foot, and mouth disease turned out to be that—not a new ailment. A letter published in the prestigious journal The Lancet had initially described the illness as "a new virus" but at least some of the children ultimately tested positive for one of the viruses that causes HFMD, so it wasn't a new condition after all. (Some users may encounter a paywall.)

A look at the 2025 measles outbreak in West Texas and surrounding areas

A measles outbreak in the summer of 2025 ultimately led to more than 900 cases and the deaths of two young children. The highly contagious virus requires vaccination rates near 95% to achieve herd immunity—the Texas outbreak spread through areas of significant mistrust of vaccines, including the area’s Mennonite community.

Find fertility clinics and their success rates in your state

This database from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides a searchable portal of fertility clinics across the US, with reported data on services, total procedures performed, and live births recorded for as recently as 2022.

Louisiana's 'Cancer Alley' has cancer rates 50% above the national average

Due to its proximity to Gulf oil production, an 85-mile stretch of highway linking Baton Rogue, Louisiana, and New Orleans is home to 25% of the country's petrochemical manufacturing. It's also one of the most polluted regions of the US, with cancer rates at 50% above average.

Louisiana's 'Cancer Alley' is infamous for having some of the highest industrial pollution, toxic air emissions, and cancer risks in the US.

The 2026 Ebola outbreak is hampered by a lack of vaccine against the species of the virus, heightening the need for rapid tests to aid in disease control.

Older, medically complex patients are a high proportion of concierge practices

These concierge medicine practices tend to have a high proportion of people ages 50 and older and are particularly concentrated in states with older populations, especially California and Florida.

In 2024, 15% of US laborers worked remotely

At the time, Frisco, Texas, had the highest share of remote workers among large US cities, at 34% (or 42,000 people). Frisco was closely followed by Berkeley, California, at 32% (18,000 people).

This real-time tracking of the hantavirus cruise ship outbreak in May 2026 offers a unique glimpse into the global reach of the outbreak and whether the virus sickened passengers and their communities around the world.

Telehealth demand for GLP-1s for weight loss is booming as consumers seek easier access.

About 12.5% of US adults experience a phobia in their lifetime, a diagnosis that hinges on the intense fear interfering with daily life and persisting for at least six months.

44% of Americans say they pray at least once a day—discover how your state's religiosity stacks up against the rest of the country.

Between 10 million and 50 million people in the US develop rashes from poison ivy, poison sumac, and poison oak each year.

Hookworm infection, though risky, may help fight certain autoimmune conditions by tamping down the immune system's inflammatory response.

The American cockroach is actually from Africa, an apparent hitchhiker aboard ships carrying enslaved people, with evidence suggesting the bug may have arrived in the New World as early as the 1600s.

11 people died from firework injuries in the US in 2024.

Fish populations in the Great Barrier Reef have increased after installing waterproof speakers on the ocean floor that played recordings of sounds from healthy coral reefs.

The United States is one of only around two dozen countries with a fully federal system of government, in which power is divided between national and state governments.

Listen to an in-depth conversation on the links between Parkinson's disease and herbicide exposure and the challenging pace of scientific investigation.

Planarian flatworms are small, aquatic worms with exceptional regenerative capabilities. When cut, the worms can regenerate multiple bodies in a matter of weeks.

The Great Salt Lake's distinct dual coloration results from high-salinity organisms that only live in the northern portion and produce a purple protein.

While El Niño moves warm Pacific Ocean waters east along the equator, La Niña moves them west, shifting where rainfall will become more common for months.

At the beginning of the 20th century, a group of young men ate standard American food—replete with food additives like borax and formaldehyde—as part of government research to better understand food safety.

Recent research found that the brain doesn't seem to massively rewire following amputation—upending earlier beliefs about the cause of phantom limb pain.

See how each of the more than two million known species relates to each other—and to common ancestors—in this zoomable tree of life.

In 2026, Finland was named the world's happiest country for the ninth consecutive year based on its wealth, social safety network, and high life expectancy, among other factors.

Bone marrow (soft tissue found inside certain bones) generates roughly 500 billion new blood cells each day

In 1963, a basement renovation in Turkey revealed a passageway to a hidden, multilevel underground city that once housed as many as 20,000 people

In 1939, baseball star Lou Gehrig delivered his inspirational 'Luckiest Man' speech after retiring due to the health condition that now bears his name.

In 2009, the nation was gripped by the story of a missing young boy who was believed to be floating over Colorado in a homemade balloon, until it was revealed that he was at home the whole time.

Explore fun facts from the USPS, including unique post office buildings, a stamp that traveled past Pluto, and more.