College Tuition
Overview
Since the middle of the 20th century, higher education has been viewed as a stepping stone to well-paying professional careers for millions of Americans. Earning a degree has become a viable path to upper-class prosperity for many, in particular first-generation college students.
But it can be costly. As of 2025, annual tuition alone ranges from around $10K for an in-state, four-year public university to more than $70K for private institutions.
The total price tag—when including living expenses, fees, and other costs—for a bachelor's degree in the US can now exceed $100K for public institutions, requiring the majority of students to secure financing to cover the cost of education. But it wasn't always this way: Even accounting for inflation, average tuition and fees have more than tripled since 1970.
The rising cost of higher education has sparked public debate over the return on investment of the decision to attend college. Many high-profile universities have begun to offer generous aid packages and claim full sticker price costs are only paid by a small percentage of enrollees.
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The United States is home to more than 33 million businesses, the vast majority of which are small businesses, with millions being created (and others closing shop) every year. These businesses often rely on loans, provide the goods and services that keep the economy flowing, and sometimes even grow large enough to enter public markets or provide private investment opportunities. Explore key topics central to business and finance, from the role of the Federal Reserve to how initial public offerings work, how millions of American students finance higher education, and more.
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