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NasdaqTypically sitting just behind the New York Stock Exchange in terms of market cap, the Nasdaq has historically been known as the world's second-largest stock exchange. It's best known as a high-tech alternative to the NYSE, listing top technology companies including Apple, Microsoft, and NVIDIA. Unlike the NYSE, the Nasdaq does not have a physical trading floor—everything is done electronically. The Nasdaq became the first-ever electronic stock exchange when it launched in 1971, meaning that stock prices were displayed on screens for the first time rather than quoted exclusively by phone. The National Association of Securities Dealers built this "automated quotation system" in response to a study revealing the chaotic nature of finding out share prices. The name "Nasdaq" is an acronym for the "National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System." A company might opt to go public on the Nasdaq rather than the NYSE for a variety of reasons, including a desire to be branded as a high-growth tech company, comparatively lower listing fees, and operating under a dealer-based model rather than an auction-based one.Explore Nasdaq
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The Nasdaq Composite index includes all of the companies traded on the exchangeThis 3,000+ company index stands in contrast to the Nasdaq 100, which only includes 100 of the most influential non-financial companies traded on the exchange. These are the two most commonly used indices for Nasdaq investments. MarketBeatThe fees for keeping a company listed on the NYSE are typically higher than the Nasdaq'sThe current maximum annual listing fee for companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange was $500K as of early 2026. The maximum annual listing fee for companies listed in Nasdaq's top tier, on the other hand, was of $193K. Companies listed must pay these fees each year. Bass, Berry & SimsRead about when Nasdaq partnered with the London Stock Exchange in 1992, and other key moments in Nasdaq historyThe partnership became the first intercontinental linkage between capital markets, setting the stage for worldwide trading amid increasing globalization. Nasdaq separated from its parent company in 2006, becoming a fully independent licensed national securities exchange. A year later, it added the Scandinavian-based Exchange, OMX. RobinhoodThe Nasdaq's 'Magnificent 7' have an outsized impact on the Nasdaq 100's performanceThese seven companies are Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, Meta, Microsoft, Nvidia, and Tesla. They're often responsible for over 40% of the Nasdaq 100 index's gains, but the exact percentage varies from year to year. Visual CapitalistThe Nasdaq 100 index tracks the exchange's 100 largest non-financial companiesThis index was created in 1985, over a decade after the Nasdaq first launched. The companies on the index must meet certain criteria, including having a minimum average daily trading value of $5M. InvestopediaVisualize the differences between the NYSE and the NasdaqThe two largest stock exchanges in the world by market cap of their listed companies have many key differences, including the number of companies listed on each exchange (the NYSE has fewer companies than the Nasdaq), their perceived volatility (the Nasdaq is perceived as more volatile), and more. Visual CapitalistThe Nasdaq is typically the world's second-largest stock exchange when measured by the total market value of the companies listed on the exchangeHowever, the Nasdaq sometimes surpasses the NYSE in terms of the total market cap of all the companies listed on each exchange. For instance, as of late April 2026, the Nasdaq's roughly 4,000 listed companies had a total market cap of about $44T, while the NYSE's roughly 2,300 companies' total market cap was around $38T. NerdWalletThe Nasdaq was founded in 1971, marking the debut of electronic tradingThe Nasdaq stock exchange arguably invented electronic trading, making it a key part of fintech history. It's often used as a benchmark for how the tech industry is performing. Yahoo FinanceThe dot-com bubble burst in 2000 when the Nasdaq dropped more than 76% in roughly 2 yearsBetween 1995 and 2000, the Nasdaq Composite index jumped from roughly 1,000 to 5,000 amid excitement over new internet companies. As venture capitalists dumped money into startups, those same companies struggled to turn a profit, leading to a bubble. The Nasdaq wouldn't reach its former high until 2015. InvestopediaCompanies sometimes decide to change which stock exchange they're listed onA company can be asked to delist from a stock exchange by the exchange itself. In some cases, like when Shopify moved from the NYSE to the Nasdaq in 2025, the switch is made partly because the company wants to be seen as more or less of a tech company. InvestopediaFind out how companies decide which stock exchange to list onTech companies often prefer to list on the tech-focused Nasdaq, whereas more traditional organizations opt for the New York Stock Exchange. Sometimes the choice is made partly based on the services an exchange offers a company. MarketplaceRetail investors can get exposure to commodities via various financial vehiclesWhile retail investors likely won't go out and purchase a bushel of commodity wheat to trade, they can get exposure to the commodities market via commodity ETFs sold on traditional stock exchanges like the NYSE and Nasdaq and other financial vehicles. There are benefits to adding commodities to a retail investor portfolio (such as a hedge against inflation and a typically low correlation with more traditional asset prices), experts caution that commodities are usually volatile investments. KiplingerInvestors rely on the S&P 500 as a benchmark for the state of the economySince the index represents a broad range of diverse industries, it's become a proxy for the market itself and a common benchmark for investors to compare returns and performance patterns against. Generally speaking, when someone says a stock is under- or out-performing the market, that actually means under- or out-performing the S&P 500. The S&P 500 is exchange-agnostic, and includes companies listed on both the NYSE and Nasdaq. InvestopediaSee a real-time list of the most shorted stocks in the USEvery two weeks, the Nasdaq and New York Stock Exchange release the stocks with the most short positions. Some of the companies with the highest short positions as of early 2026 were Hims & Hers and Groupon. Yahoo FinanceMore than 650 companies went public in the US in 1996As the dot-com bubble reached its peak, most dot-com companies went public with little proof of being profitable and were often overvalued. In 1999, the Nasdaq's price-to-earnings ratio (a tool used to determine a stock's value that divides its price by earnings) hit 90.2, signaling that many companies were operating at a net loss. Startups promised investors that more time and money would help scale their businesses and become profitable. International BankerWalmart was the first traditional retailer to crack the $1T clubIn early 2026, the company joined major tech companies Nvidia, Apple, and Meta (among others) as one of the rare firms with a market capitalization beyond $1T. See the latest top companies here. InvestopediaNike went public in 1980, and the first share sold at $22Nike stock plummeted in the four years that followed the company’s initial public offering (IPO). The company’s deal with Michael Jordan in 1984 ultimately revived investor confidence. NasdaqJeff Bezos launched his philanthropic ‘Bezos Day One Fund’ in 2018 with his then-wife, Mackenzie ScottThe fund focuses on promoting education and reducing homelessness. This article compares Amazon founder Jeff Bezos’ philanthropic initiatives to those of other billionaires, including Warren Buffett and Bill Gates. NasdaqJeff Bezos started his career working at McDonald’sHe now claims that his high school gig at the fast food restaurant taught him about efficiency, customer service, and other valuable lessons that he took with him when building Amazon. NasdaqMapping the world's 25 largest stock exchangesTotaling a market capitalization of $106T (as of 2023), this map identifies the major stock exchanges worldwide on a map, ranking them by total market value. Nearly half of that value is located in the Americas. Visual CapitalistThe dot-com boom sent tech stocks soaring before a historic collapseA look at the dot-com bubble, when investors poured money into unproven internet startups, driving the Nasdaq to dizzying heights before it crashed by more than 80% after 2000, showing how new technologies can detach markets from reality. YouTubeAngels invest in a mix of startups from different industriesTo diversify their portfolios and mitigate their risk, angels may invest in startups that are at earlier or later stages of development, as well as in various industries. NASDAQThe stock market, explained in 3 minutesThe stock market consists of a set of exchanges and other venues where shares of public companies are bought and sold. The Nasdaq and the New York Stock Exchange are two of the most well-known exchanges in the US, while major exchanges also operate around the world, including in Tokyo, Shanghai, London, and São Paulo. 1440 DailyCritics argue the Dow no longer reflects the modern economyWith only 30 companies and a price-weighted formula, skeptics say the DJIA underrepresents vast sectors of the market. They claim it is outdated, though its close correlation with the broader S&P 500 keeps it relevant. EntrepreneurIn 1999, Microsoft and Intel’s addition signaled the information tech era for the DowMicrosoft and Intel became the first information technology firms added to the DJIA. Their inclusion marked a turning point—the digital revolution and tech began to drive the American economy. BBC NewsStock indexes track markets through groupings of companiesA stock index measures the performance of selected companies, offering a snapshot of market trends. Examples include the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the S&P 500, and the Nasdaq Composite. WhyzeKey moments in fintech history include the transatlantic cable’s invention and E-Trade’s foundingFounded in 1982, E-Trade was the first-ever online brokerage, pioneering a method of investing that is common today. Its story is part of a timeline that the New York Times put together of key moments in early fintech history. The New York TimesFormer Temu CEO Colin Huang is among China's richest peopleWith a $43.3B net worth as of September 2025, Huang was the founder of PDD Holdings, Temu’s parent company. ForbesMultiple business choices may have hindered Sears’ financial successThere’s no shortage of potential culprits for Sears’ death, from hedge fund manager Eddie Lampert, to Amazon, to the 2008 stock market crash. InvestopediaExplore a list of the world’s weirdest and wildest ETFs Whether you’re leaping straight into the future and looking for stocks picked by AI, a sci-fi aficionado who wants to invest in space travel, or a drama enthusiast looking to make money on stock market volatility, the ETF market’s weird corners have something for you. BankrateThere are monthly dividend ETFs that pay you to hold them Traditional dividend stocks and funds pay out quarterly, or four times a year. A select group of stocks and funds pay out monthly, putting cash in investors’ hands 12 times a year. These monthly dividend funds are popular because their regular payouts can help keep budgets on track. InvestopediaThere are more than 300 different thematic ETFs Exchange-traded funds seem to offer something for everyone. As tracked by ETF.com, there are 338 thematic ETFs, offering exposure to “baskets” of stocks covering global infrastructure, genomics, cannabis, and more. ETF.comWarren Buffett's advice for middle-class investors includes "pay yourself first"Warren Buffett might not be part of the middle class himself (he's one of the richest people in the world), but he still knows a thing or two about everyday personal finance tips. This article chronicles his six best pieces of advice for the middle class. NasdaqModern consulting traces its roots to 1886Arthur D. Little Inc. was the first management consulting firm. Starting as a chemical analysis lab, the firm evolved to play pivotal roles in projects like developing the NASDAQ system and supporting Apollo 11. 1440What is after-hours trading?While both the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq open at 9:30 am ET and close at 4 pm ET, some trading is allowed after that. After-hours trading was once only open to institutional investors and people with particularly high net worths. Now, with the advent of computers, anyone can trade stocks anywhere online, and those regulations have broadened. The Motley FoolWhat’s up with the new Texas Stock Exchange?The two biggest stock exchanges in the U.S. are both based in New York—the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq. But a potential new “Texas Stock Exchange”—which would be based in, you guessed it, Texas—could change that. To find out more about the project, backed by enormous companies such as BlackRock and Citadel, watch this video. How Money Works