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OpenAIOpenAI is generally considered the most influential company at the forefront of the artificial intelligence boom. Led by CEO Sam Altman, it burst into the public consciousness in late 2022 with the release of ChatGPT. By February 2023, it had become the fastest-growing consumer app in history with a reported 100 million monthly active users. The company was conceived as a nonprofit that would counter Google in the race to achieve systems with human-level cognition. However, three years after it launched in 2015—amid rising computing costs and a loss of funding from Elon Musk—it adopted a structure in which the original nonprofit oversaw a for-profit arm. A tumultuous four-day span in 2023 saw the nonprofit board fire and reinstate Altman for alleged clashes between their altruistic philosophy and his vision for artificial general intelligence. Since then, he has led OpenAI to launch versions of generative image and video tools and its version of the App Store, which provides GPT agents.Explore OpenAI
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A merger between OpenAI and Anthropic was reportedly proposed after Sam Altman's firingOpenAI's board of directors reportedly reached out to Anthropic's CEO, Dario Amodei, about the possibility of taking over the role left by Altman in 2023. Amodei declined to take over as OpenAI's CEO and to a merger between the two AI startups. Ars TechnicaThe history of Anthropic began with a break from OpenAI over safety concernsFounded by former OpenAI employees, Anthropic envisioned guardrails in its AI products from the outset to minimize the potential risk for businesses considering using its Claude products. The strategy has contributed to a tenfold increase in revenue over three consecutive years, and its business customer base has grown from under 1,000 to over 300,000 in two years. CNBCTry OpenAI’s ChatGPT for freeIn late 2022, OpenAI launched a chatbot that quickly became one of the most viral tech products of all time. The software uses code to interpret natural language to produce sophisticated content based on simple user prompts. OpenAIOpenAI CEO Sam Altman has called OpenAI 'the most capital-intensive startup in history'As of 2024, Silicon Valley was set to spend $1T in the coming years building AI. As companies, including Google and Microsoft, fling billions at AI dreams, concerns are rising about whether that money will ever be recouped. To learn about the argument that there is an AI bubble—and that it could soon burst if AI doesn’t prove its worth—read this article. VoxOpenAI initially focused on novelty projects, like training bots to win video gamesWith an initial commitment of $1B from tech executives, OpenAI launched in 2015 to develop artificial general intelligence systems. ChatGPT's success after its 2022 launch surprised OpenAI's team as it spurred a global AI race. 1440In 2023, OpenAI spent $520 million on ChatGPTThe ongoing development and refinement of new AI models requires larger datasets and processing more parameters between words and subwords to improve the accuracy of generated content. New startups are expected to harness this technology to provide unthought-of products and services. Stanford eCornerElon Musk tried to make himself CEO of OpenAIAfter three years of funding the company since its 2015 launch, Musk believed OpenAI had fallen too far behind Google and proposed taking the helm. Rejected by OpenAI's other founders, Musk walked away and reneged on a $1B donation. SemaforBefore ChatGPT, OpenAI Five beat esports world championsThe bot won two back-to-back Dota 2 matches and developed a new skill of working as a teammate with humans, even though it had only been trained to beat other bots. OpenAISam Altman says OpenAI released ChatGPT early as a public serviceAs the company was developing ChatGPT-4, version 3 was released to allow everyone to adjust to the new tool. Since then, he and his colleagues have called for oversight and regulation to address fears of misuse and AI-enabled pathogens. The AtlanticOpenAI helped kick-start an AI arms race in Silicon ValleyLed by CEO Sam Altman, OpenAI’s mission is to “ensure artificial general intelligence benefits all of humanity” by making its products open to all users. In 2023, the $86B company behind the chatbot ChatGPT consisted of a for-profit arm under its nonprofit governing board. NPRHow Anthropic's experimental corporate structure incentivizes safe AI developmentAs a public benefit corporation, the company's board is tasked with making sure that AI tools are developed to help people and society thrive. Members of its Long Term Benefit Trust hold no equity in the company, but make up a majority of the board and can act to maintain Anthropic's public benefit purpose. TIMEMark Zuckerberg credits some of Facebook's success to constant evolutionBefore becoming the head of OpenAI, Sam Altman was the president of Y Combinator—a startup accelerator company that supported companies like Airbnb, DoorDash, and Coinbase. In 2016, Altman interviewed Zuckerberg about creating Facebook and its growth over time. Zuckerberg said that, unlike other companies (think: CourseMatch), Facebook kept growing and adding new features, which prevented the app from becoming obsolete. Y Combinator'The digital colonization of flyover states': how datacenters are tearing small-town America apart the GuardianThe opening chapters of bestselling novels are thousands of words shorter than they were in the 1950sNovels like "The Catcher in the Rye" and "Lord of the Flies" averaged opening chapters with about 4,500 words. Titles from the 2020s, on the other hand, including "Fourth Wing" and "Lessons in Chemistry," are closer to 2,500 words. The TimesSri Swami Satchidananda gave the opening remarks at the first WoodstockThe yoga guru was invited to begin the legendary 1969 festival and told the massive crowd he believed music “is a celestial sound and it is the sound that controls the whole universe, not atomic vibrations.” The speech leaned into yoga as a philosophy, one that the many concertgoers in attendance could use to guide their collective desire for peace. Swami SatchidanandaThe US used military pressure to force Japan to open to foreign trade in the 1850sCommodore Matthew Perry arrived in Edo Bay (now Tokyo Bay) with heavily armed warships, pressuring Japan to open its ports. His expeditions led to the 1854 Treaty of Kanagawa, which opened two ports for supplies and established formal US-Japan relations. Full commercial trade followed later under the 1858 Harris Treaty. Master Chief's Sea ChestMicrosoft has integrated AI across its software products with CopilotIt utilizes an underlying model from OpenAI—makers of ChatGPT—to assist users in creating documents, writing code, locating files, and more across Windows, Microsoft 365, Bing search and WhatsApp on desktop and mobile devices. Copilot Voice and Vision offer accessibility features for users who prefer not to use mouse/keyboard navigation. PCMagThe Erie Canal was opened Oct. 25, 1825, with a group of boats from Buffalo to NYCThe unlikely engineering project connecting the Midwest to the Atlantic saw a ceremonious opening as Governor Dewitt Clinton rode with a flotilla of boats from Buffalo on Lake Erie to New York City. Mystic Stamp Learning CenterSam Altman gave his first-ever startup pitch after dropping out of StanfordHe dropped out of Stanford to start Loopt, which sold in 2012 for $43.4M. You can watch his first-ever startup pitch in a video. X (formerly Twitter)71% of equity investments in Q1 2025 went to AI companiesThat's up from just 14% in 2020, according to JPMorgan, which recently conducted an analysis of venture capital investment trends in the US. Visual CapitalistGoogle invented the foundation of the AI movement—but ChatGPT was a shockFor years, Google was the cutting-edge of the AI world, including the development of the Transformer—the basis of contemporary AI chatbots. But since OpenAI debuted ChatGPT in 2022, the company was had to play catch-up. This is a four-hour deep dive into Google's AI history. AcquiredThe major AI industry players are creating a web of circular investmentsBloomberg created a network diagram that shows how companies like Nvidia and OpenAI are fueling the AI money machine. The chart shows that many top AI companies provide significant investments to one another. FlowingDataThe fintech industry was worth roughly $340B as of 2025Venture capitalists have been bullish on the industry’s future in recent years, too. Some estimate that global investment in fintech increased by 12,000% between 2008 and 2020. Going VCAI chatbot use among quarreling couples can aggravate tensionsChatbots can become a sounding board for venting spouses looking to analyze their relationship and find support for their views. Many couples report the negative influence of chatbots like ChatGPT, with some claiming the tools led to divorce. FuturismView a timeline of AI deployments from 2017 to 2025The development of transformer architecture and the release of GPTs across AI labs led to rapid changes in LLM scale and power. Companies like OpenAI, Google, Meta, Microsoft, and Anthropic have invested billions of dollars to develop reliable, versatile models. Visual CapitalistStanford’s ‘How to Start a Startup’ seriesStanford’s archive of lectures about creating a startup includes advice from Y Combinator notables such as former YC president and OpenAI CEO Sam Altman and YC Cofounder Paul Graham. Y CombinatorWhere are the first batch of YC founders now?Reddit was one of the companies in Y Combinator’s first batch. While OpenAI wasn’t among the companies started at YC, Sam Altman, who would later become the AI company’s CEO, had a different company called Loopt in the first batch. Drake DukesAs of 2025, ChatGPT accounts for more than half of all chatbot trafficSince ChatGPT's debut of its chatbot in November 2022, the daily use of generative AI has skyrocketed. This chart shows which chatbots are the most used around globally, from OpenAI's ChatGPT to Perplexity and DeepSeek. Visual CapitalistThe world's 50 most valuable private companiesWhile public companies typically have the highest valuations, private companies get close. This list breaks down the top 50 as of 2025, with SpaceX at the top with a value of $350B, followed by ByteDance. Over three-fifths of the list are located in the US, with eight in China. Visual CapitalistScholars debate the meaning behind the first word of 'Beowulf'Beowulf is an Old English epic poem composed somewhere between the 8th and 11th centuries CE. Its first word, hwæt, is often translated to "what," though scholars debate its specific use in the poem, discussing whether it serves as an exclamation, interjection, or something else entirely. Medievalists.netSam Altman acknowledges the fears around creativity, copyright, and misuse of AIIn 2022, OpenAI's CEO, Sam Altman, popularized the use of large language models with the release of ChatGPT. He has emphasized the importance of involving society in shaping AI’s safety frameworks before models begin to act independently online. TEDWhat it means to be an opening actMost people assume opening for a major act will propel a smaller artist's career. While that can be the case, this academic study from a Drexel University professor offers some objective data that suggests mixed results. In short, there's no guarantee that an opening slot on a big tour will enhance an artist's popularity—or their income. The ConversationHitchcock's TV show emphasized the director's playful yet suspenseful tone"Alfred Hitchcock Presents" was a television series that aired from 1955 to 1965, offering viewers weekly bites of the director's unnerving storytelling. Hitchcock acted as host, framing the short films with his haunting voice and gothic language. Hitchcock PresentsDeepSeek is a Chinese AI startup that rattled US competitors when it made an AI model much faster and cheaper than they didDeepSeek unveiled an AI model in 2025 that it said was made in two months for roughly $6M. For context, OpenAI has suggested it took over $100M to make its AI model GPT-4. The news rattled the stocks of American tech companies, including leading chipmaker Nvidia. BBC NewsGoogle Search incorporated AI Overviews in 2024 to fight back competitorsAnalysts believe that generative AI tools—not antitrust rulings—are Google's biggest threat because they draw users away from traditional search and potential ad revenue. AI partnerships, like the one between Apple and OpenAI, may further reduce Google's market share. ReutersDisneyland’s opening day was called 'Black Sunday'A rushed, hectic construction process left the park was in bad shape for its opening, leading to a disastrous first day at the park, which employees came to call “Black Sunday.” SFGateIn 2024, Meta launched an AI video generator to create or edit videos through promptsThe tool puts the Meta in direct competition with OpenAI and Google as more companies are investing billions of dollars to capitalize on the explosion of public interest in machine learning and generative media technologies. Bloomberg Technology A 'unicorn' is a private company with a $1B-plus valuationJust like a horse with a spiraling horn on its head, private companies with a more than $1B valuation are rare creatures. But unlike the mythical creature, this type of “unicorn” is occasionally spotted in the wild. Unicorn companies include SpaceX, OpenAI, Skims, and more. CB InsightsThe USSR launched the world's first satellite, Sputnik 1, into space in 1957 Sputnik, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, became the world’s first artificial satellite. While the technology itself was limited, the launch ignited the Space Race and signaled that intercontinental missiles and space technology had arrived faster than American leaders expected. American ScientistMcDonald’s 1990 opening in Moscow symbolized the USSR’s fading isolationWhen McDonald’s arrived in Moscow in 1990—an icon of Western capitalism—it became a cultural shock. NPR’s Invisibilia recounts how the chain asked new Russian employees to greet customers with American-style smiles, exploring the clash between Soviet norms and Western service culture (segment starts around 42 minutes in). InvisibiliaExplore a gallery of DALL-E creationsOpenAI's text-to-image generator can create content in a wide range of image styles based on simple prompts. Its utility has also given rise to an organic, passionate user base who employ the tool both for fun and for professional purposes. OpenAIPharmaceutical companies can use ChatGPT to improve drug developmentModerna has incorporated the tool into its workflows to accelerate analysis and identify optimal drug dosage from clinical data. The company's legal team also uses a custom GPT—Contract Companion—to break down and summarize contracts quickly. OpenAIWatch 'Airhead,' a short movie created by Sora and post-production FXUsing OpenAI’s video-generation tool Sora, a user can create impressive, hyper-realistic video footage from a simple text prompt. This short film features a whimsical look at a balloon-headed person navigating the world. Shy KidsWatch video samples created by AISora, OpenAI’s video generation tool, can create up to 60 seconds of photorealistic video footage featuring highly detailed scenes, complex camera motion, and multiple characters with vibrant emotions from a text prompt. OpenAIThe philosophy of effective altruism was at the heart of Sam Altman's firingOpenAI was originally created as a nonprofit to develop artificial general intelligence for humanity's benefit. However, skyrocketing computing costs made adherence to this belief difficult, as new influences, such as external investors, were introduced to accelerate growth with reduced safety. BloombergView a timeline of Sam Altman's firing and reinstatement as Open AI CEOBesides saying that Altman hadn't been "consistently candid" in his discussions with them, OpenAI's board did not detail any wrongdoing that led to the firing on November 17, 2023. Four days later, Altman was reinstated, and a new board was assembled. HubSpotChatGPT was conceived over dinner at a Silicon Valley hotelA guest list of tech leaders, including Elon Musk, Peter Thiel, and LinkedIn cofounder Reid Hoffman, met to discuss how to counter Google's efforts to create human-level cognition systems. The group initially committed a reported $1B to launch the effort. Wall Street JournalRun your own social media Trust & Safety team with this eye-opening gameEver wondered what really goes on behind the scenes at a popular social media company trying to keep users, businesses, and workers safe? Now you can try out your own ideas for moderation and management with this fun and informative game designed to... Atlantic CouncilWorldcoin: the cryptocurrency collecting biometric dataAn ambitious project launched by OpenAI's founder Sam Altman, Worldcoin aims to provide a global financial and identity network based on proof of personhood through biometric scanning of individuals' irises. IEEE SpectrumAn eye-opening interactive journey into the global drug tradePOPPY Interactive reveals how drug money destabilizes entire countries, fuels global conflicts, and allows a worldwide illegal economy to grow. Navigating the site involves diving into three major routes—the Northern Route, the Balkan Route, and... Poppy Interactive