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Human Genome ProjectThe Human Genome Project was an international collaboration to map all the genetic information found in humans and several organisms of importance in biological research. The HGP was proposed in the mid-1980s as a joint initiative by the National Institutes of Health and the US Department of Energy to identify the genetic cause of illnesses and the genetic effects of radiation and energy-related chemicals.
From 1990 to 2003, more than 2,000 scientists from universities and research facilities worldwide sequenced more than three billion base pairs of a genetic tapestry built from 20 individuals from Buffalo, New York. The composite genome was cut into fragments, which were sent to 20 sequencing centers, processed, and combined on computers to reassemble.
The project would end with publishing a 92%-complete human genome sequence, which would be finalized thanks to new technologies in 2022.Explore Human Genome Project
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A gallery of medical illustrations from NIHThe National Institutes of Health provides educational materials for broad use. The institute hosts a Flickr account with many different image galleries, including this one (with over 70 images to date) that illustrate and annotate curious phenomena, from the life cycles of a malaria parasite to the comparison of male and female bladders. Explore the gallery here. National Institutes of HealthLow cell division rates in heart cells make heart cancer particularly rareThe heart's location in the chest also offers protection from external cancer-causing factors. The disease affects about 3 in every 10,000 people, though most cases arise from metastasis from other body parts. The ConversationThe Human Genome Project spawned numerous spinoff genetics projectsThe Human Genome Project led to the development of techniques later applied to projects in microbial and plant biology, epigenomics, environmental and cancer genomes, and more. In the spirit of the HGP, data from these projects has been made freely available to develop new technologies. US Department of Energy
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