Good morning. It's Monday, June 15, and we're covering a horrifying find in Libya, a new Christopher Nolan film, and more. Have feedback? Let us know at [email protected].

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NEED TO KNOW

Atlanta Police Chief Resigns

Atlanta Police Chief Erika Shields resigned over the weekend, following the shooting of a black man outside a fast food restaurant. Officers originally approached the man, 27-year-old Rayshard Brooks, after responding to calls of an inebriated driver who had fallen asleep in a Wendy's drive-thru. According to reports, Brooks took an officer's Taser during a struggle and was shot while fleeing. 

A Georgia Bureau of Investigation press release suggests Brooks turned and pointed the Taser at officers while fleeing. Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms said despite the report, she did not feel the use of deadly force was justified; the officer in question was fired. Police body camera footage was released yesterday (warning: content may be disturbing).

The incident sparked renewed protests—the Wendy's was set on fire, while crowds shut down a nearby highway—in a city already roiled by demonstrations over the death of George Floyd three weeks ago. Shields is the latest in a string of shake-ups in police leadership in major cities, including Portland, Oregon, and Louisville, Kentucky. In Minneapolis, at least 14 police officers have resigned (or have submitted paperwork), with many citing lack of support from police leadership amid the protests. 

Mass Graves Found in Libya

At least eight mass graves were uncovered near the Libyan town of Tarhuna, United Nations officials announced over the weekend, in areas recaptured from general-turned-warlord Khalifa Haftar. The grim discovery raises fears of widespread war crimes and is a reminder of the bloody nine-year struggle that has followed the ousting of former dictator Muammar al-Qaddafi in 2011.

Current fighting broke out in 2014, following an election that saw 18% voter turnout and pushed Islamist factions from power. Since then, the country has become a proxy battleground for global powers. The UN-backed government controls the capital of Tripoli and many major cities (see map), while Haftar's forces enjoy covert Russian support and control around three-quarters of the country's oil-rich land. Up to 25,000 people are believed to have been killed during the fighting, with more than 250,000 displaced.

See a primer on the conflict here.

Wear Your Face Mask (Study Says)

Face masks are the most efficient method of preventing the spread of the coronavirus, according to a new analysis of infection data from Northern Italy and New York City. The data revealed that mandates for facial coverings in the two epicenters correlated with a drop in the number of new cases by roughly half and two-thirds, respectively, over the time period studied (see paper, Fig. 2).

The results align with previous research showing airborne transmission as the most virulent route for new infections. Though spread can occur by direct (via touching) and indirect (via surfaces) means, viral particles have been shown to survive for hours when aerosolized from coughing or sneezing. Even imperfect facial coverings may prevent such particles from spreading. Still, researchers warn that face mask requirements alone are not sufficient to halt the pandemic.

Anecdotally, no new cases were observed from two Missouri hairdressers who saw 140 clients while sick, but had implemented face mask requirements. 

Cases have begun to spike in places like Florida and Texas. The US has reported 2.1 million total cases, with 115,732 deaths, as of this morning. See the three-day rolling average here.

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IN THE KNOW

Sports, Entertainment, & Culture

> ABC’s "The Bachelor," in its 25th season, announces Matt James as its first black male lead (More)

> Sushant Singh Rajput, Bollywood film and TV actor, found dead in Mumbai home at 34 (More)

> Christopher Nolan’s sci-fi thriller "Tenet" opening pushed to July 31; was originally expected to be the first big studio film released since the pandemic began (More) | Latest James Bond film "No Time to Die" moves up US release date to Nov. 20 (More)

Science & Technology

> Gardasil, currently used as a vaccine for the human papillomavirus, or HPV, approved for use as a preventative measure against head-and-neck cancer (More)

> Researchers find evidence of bow and arrow use in the tropical rainforests of Sri Lanka roughly 48,000 years ago; represents the oldest-known use of projectile tools outside of Africa (More)

> Immune cells known as neutrophils aid cancer spread through enzymes released by fibers otherwise meant to capture and trap pathogens in the bloodstream (More)

Business & Markets

> US stock markets recover after Thursday’s big losses, end Friday up (S&P 500 +1.3%, Dow +1.9%, Nasdaq +1.1%) (More)

> Hertz receives approval from bankruptcy court to raise $1B in equity as retail investors drive stock price appreciation despite looming bankruptcy (More)

> US senators send questions to videoconferencing giant Zoom CEO Eric Yuan after company closed Chinese activist accounts (More)

Politics & World Affairs

> Russia sentences former US Marine Paul Whelan to 16 years in prison for espionage; Diplomats called the closed trial unfair, Whelan says he was set up by a Russian acquaintance (More)

> President Trump reschedules first campaign rally since before the pandemic from June 19 to June 20; event in Tulsa, Oklahoma, originally coincided with Juneteenth, the date commemorating the end of slavery in the US (More) | The history of Juneteenth (More)

> Boko Haram-affiliated militants kill at least 60 in northeastern Nigeria, following the massacre of 69 villagers last week (More)

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ETCETERA

Dave Chappelle releases hard-hitting special on George Floyd. (via YouTube)

How the 3.5% rule can change the world.

Fourteen-year-old Chicago girl earns master's degree in environmental science.

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The best documentaries of 2020 (so far). 

Captivating photos of a light-filled Antarctica.

The real reason the nation's capital doesn't have skyscrapers.

This artist stays busy cranking out tiny machines.

Front-line workers have a message for the class of 2020.

Clickbait: Poland accidentally invades the Czech Republic.

Historybook: Magna Carta is sealed by King John (1215); Arlington National Cemetery is established (1864); Henry Ossian Flipper becomes first black graduate from West Point (1877); HBD rapper and actor Ice Cube (1969); RIP jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald (1996).

"Where there is love and inspiration, I don't think you can go wrong."

- Ella Fitzgerald

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