Mortgages are loans used to buy property

A mortgage is a loan used to buy property, like a house. Borrowers typically put down a percentage of the cost of the home, and the amount left over is financed through a lender, like a bank.

A revocable living trust is the most common type of trust

With a revocable trust, the grantor can alter or dissolve the trust at any time. A living trust, is one that the grantor creates during their lifetime (as compared to a “testamentary” trust, which a grantor establishes in their will to be read after death).

What is a lien?

A lien is a legal claim or right to someone else's property, such as a home. For instance, if someone wins a lawsuit against you and they can’t immediately collect the money you owe them, they might have the right to file a lien against your property.

Refinancing a mortgage is when a homeowner exchanges their current loan for a new one

Homeowners typically refinance to secure a lower interest rate and potentially a new loan term length. Debt owed on mortgages made up about 70% of US consumer debt as of 2025.

Escrow is when a third party holds on to the money during a financial negotiation between two other parties

In the homebuying process, escrow typically happens while the buyer and the seller negotiate the terms of the sale. Escrow accounts can also be used to hold a buyer’s money when making payments on their loan.

NFTs create a unique digital signature to prove ownership

NFTs create digital certificates for unique online collectibles, mainly on the Ethereum blockchain. Artists can leverage NFTs to verify their online works.

A guide to the homebuying process

From searching for the home itself to writing an offer letter to closing on the home, there are specific steps involved in becoming a homeowner. This checklist from a Tennessee real estate broker provides a visual outlining the basic steps of the process.

Owning a home can help build wealth via tax benefits and more

In addition to tax benefits and the potential to build equity in your home, houses are also typically considered an appreciating asset. That means their value is likely to increase over time.

Probate is a legal process that determines if someone’s will is valid

The executor of the will in question not only collects estate assets, but also pays outstanding taxes and more. Grantors sometimes opt for a revocable trust instead of a will so their assets avoid probate in the event of their death.

NFTs can be used for fractionalized ownership of assets

Non-fungible token is a term used to describe a unique digital asset whose ownership is tracked on a blockchain, such as Ethereum.

What's the difference between a stock and a share?

While the words "stock" and "share" are often used interchangeably in casual conversation, they have different meanings. For instance, "stock" is more general, whereas "share" is more precise.

The term ‘mortgage’ was born out of the French word for ‘dead pledge’

Borrowing money to buy a house has been a global practice since the Romans in the fifth century BCE. But before the mortgage, there was the “dead pledge,” which labeled the property as “dead” to the borrower until they paid off their loan to the lender.

Learn about Web3 and how it differs from past versions of the internet

Web3 is the idea of a new, decentralized internet built on blockchain technology. It aims to shift control from centralized entities like big tech companies to users through distributed ledgers and smart contracts. Key components include cryptocurrencies, NFTs, and decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) that operate without a central authority. Web3 promises more user privacy, ownership, and control over data and digital assets.

Proof-of-work versus proof-of-stake: what's the difference?

The two main consensus mechanisms—the way blockchains confirm and enshrine information—are proof-of-stake and proof-of-work. An overview compares the differences between the two and the latter's ability to reduce the energy intensity of the computation process, which has emerged as one of the biggest criticisms of the crypto boom.

Title loans are a type of short-term loan with high interest rates

Title loans allow borrowers to use their vehicle's title as collateral for a short-term loan. Similar to payday loans, title loans often have high interest rates and are mostly structured to last around 30 days. If title loans aren't repaid, the lender can take possession of the borrower's vehicle.

Getting prequalified or preapproved for a loan is typically step one in securing a home loan

While prequalification and preapprovals give buyers an idea of the type of loan offer they might expect, the prequalification process is much more straightforward than getting preapproved. However, some real estate agents require buyers to get preapproved, and some sellers may take a buyer's offer more seriously.

About 88% of all homebuyers feel their home is a good investment.

Revocable trusts are typically subject to estate taxes

Irrevocable trusts, however, are not. Both types help beneficiaries avoid probate, the lengthy court process that administers a person’s estate upon death.

Shares are parts of a stock that represent ownership of a company

Shares are traded on the stock market. Once you buy a single share of a company, you are considered a shareholder of that company and may have certain rights as a partial owner, such as voting on business decisions.

Trusts are estate planning tools

They’re used as a way to designate assets to beneficiaries while skirting certain taxes and maintaining one’s privacy. They can hold a wide range of assets, including cash, real estate, stocks, businesses, and more.

What the Declaration actually says and how to see it

This official page from the National Archives breaks down the Declaration of Independence in plain English, explaining its purpose, key ideas, and grievances against King George III. It also shows how the document was created and where it’s displayed today.

A direct listing is when a company goes public, listing shares on a stock exchange

A direct listing is when a company goes public, listing its shares on a stock exchange, rather than issuing new shares or raising capital. That means investment banks—traditionally serving as intermediaries—could lose out on some of the profits from these deals as more companies like Spotify opt for direct listings.

In real estate, a larger down payment can reduce your loan amount

However, the trade-off is liquidity: Tying up too much cash in a home can reduce emergency savings and delay your purchase.

In 2024, 74% of homebuyers took out a mortgage

Debt owed on mortgages made up about 70% of US consumer debt as of 2025. Mortgage collateral ensures the lender isn’t at a complete loss if the borrower defaults. Under most mortgage contracts, the property is considered collateral under the loan. This means that if a borrower doesn’t repay the loan, then the lender can seize their property.

For most of human history, property rights were in the elite’s hands

Humans learned to domesticate dogs long before they formed the concept of private property. But by the era of the ancient Greeks and Romans, property law and ownership became more sophisticated.

Ledgers—what are they good for?

It might seem strange that a ledger—a dull and practical document associated mainly with accounting—would be described as a revolutionary technology. But the blockchain matters because ledgers matter. Read (or listen to) this 14 minute breakdown on why ledgers matter.

Despite earning less than most tech workers, educators have one of the highest rates of homeownership

Annual income largely determines homeownership. In the US, 72% of people in management roles own a home, but educators, who on average earn much less than those working in business, have the second-highest rate of homeownership.

Marriage is a legally and socially sanctioned union

Marriage's definition may seem simple—a union of two or more people who join their lives together in a culturally appropriate fashion. However, elaborate customs and diverse expectations dictate the roles spouses will play for one another. Across different regions and periods, marriages have taken a great number of forms.

For much of human history, homeownership was primarily associated with the elite

Before the Industrial Revolution, early mortgages were rather exclusive loans given only to nobility. But as more people gained more wealth through the Industrial Revolution, banks began to take on “higher-risk” loans to everyday people.

America’s founding documents were once housed in other government buildings

Today, the Constitution and Declaration are displayed at the National Archives. Still, for more than a century, they were kept by other federal institutions—including the State Department and the Library of Congress—before gaining a permanent home in the 1930s.

Renting versus owning a home, charted by age

One-third of American households are rented. The other two-thirds are owned or in the process of becoming owned, according to 2022 data from the American Community Survey. While most people rent in their younger years, homeownership rates tend to fluctuate based on age. To see home ownership and renter rates charted by age, check out these charts.

A simple visual explanation of how blockchains work

Blockchains are decentralized, distributed, and digital methods to record transactions and prevent alterations and tampering of the record. That's a simplified definition. This easy-to-understand six-minute video further and better explains what blockchains are and how they work using colorful illustrations and clear, concise clarifications on their processes and what makes them so special.

The acronym NFT stands for non-fungible token

NFTs have developed as a secure way to use cryptocurrencies and the blockchain to create unique digital art, allowing the owner to prove ownership of a specific digital item.

Securitization has become common practice in home financing

When a homebuyer finances with a lender, they aren’t necessarily the one footing the bill. After a buyer secures a home loan, the lender can sell the loan to another financial institution or a private institution. That group can later sell that mortgage to investors. This is called securitization.

The word 'mortgage' comes from medieval French, meaning 'death contract.'

Smart contracts are the foundational technology behind NFTs

Smart contracts use “if that, then this” logic to track the ownership of NFTs and record when they are bought and sold on the blockchain.

More than 40 states have passed versions of the Uniform Declaration of Death Act

The 1981 model law, now enacted in most states, is the legal basis for death in the US. There have been many efforts to amend this law, citing the need for more transparency to improve trust between families and the medical profession, though none have moved forward. Alterations to the law could have implications for organ donations and removing life support.

Companies often use different share classes, like Class A or Class B, to structure ownership

Share classes refer to specific types of company stock that are distinguished by the rights they grant, such as voting power and dividend access.