A major winter storm is sweeping across the Midwest this week and is poised to become a bomb cyclone, bringing heavy snow and blizzard conditions to parts of the Great Lakes and high winds to the East Coast. The storm will also bring in cold air to much of the country, including Texas and Florida. A bomb cyclone occurs when a storm system undergoes bombogenesis—when its central pressure drops rapidly within 24 hours (see 101).
As of this writing, 17 states are under winter storm warnings, watches, and advisories through the holiday weekend. Wind chills are expected to be as low as 60 below zero in some areas, such as the Dakotas, and wind gusts are expected to be as high as 55 mph, including in Chicago. Hundreds of flights have been canceled and airlines have begun issuing flight waivers.
Today is also the winter solstice (see background), which marks the first day of winter and the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere. |
Northern California Earthquake |
At least two people were killed and 11 injured early yesterday morning after a 6.4-magnitude earthquake struck the northern California coast roughly 250 miles north of San Francisco. The epicenter was just a few miles off the coast at a depth of 16 miles (see map), though no tsunami threat was announced.
Residents were awakened from sleep as one of the region\'s strongest quakes in a decade rocked the small redwoods communities of Ferndale and Eureka, leaving at least 70,000 homes without power. Hundreds of buildings suffered damage as roads buckled and bridges cracked. Officials reported at least 80 aftershocks, many of which reached a 3.0 magnitude.
The region sits adjacent to the Cascadia Subduction Zone, a 600-mile junction of tectonic plates parallel to the coast. Seismologists estimate there is above a 30% chance of a magnitude 9.0 quake occurring in the region within the next 50 years, likely triggering a devastating tsunami. Learn more about the "Big One" here (w/video). |
New Nazca Lines Discovered |
Archaeologists in Peru announced the discovery of more than 160 new large-scale drawings, or geoglyphs, likely created by ancient Indigenous cultures more than two thousand years ago. Known as Nazca Lines, the designs were primarily made by scraping away desert topsoil to reveal white sand beneath and are only a foot or two deep. They were discovered within a roughly 170 square mile area previously designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Researchers used high-resolution aerial photography and drones to find the images, which measure between 6 to 20 feet in length and include outlines of humans, camelids, birds, orcas, felines, and snakes. The purpose of the designs is still unknown, but a few theories include that they depict deities, were a form of irrigation, and were a calendar with astrological alignments. See background on the lines here.
The new artwork brings the total found to 358 geoglyphs. Archaeologists hope to use the research in artificial intelligence-based surveys to help with discovery and aid preservation efforts. |
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